POLAR STRATOSPHERIC CLOUD

Hi guys, in this post I would like to tell you about a natural phenomenon. And the phenomenon is polar stratospheric cloud.

Polar stratospheric clouds or PSCs, also known as nacreous clouds (from nacre, or mother of pearl, due to its iridescence), are clouds in the winter polar stratosphere at altitudes of 15,000–25,000 meters (49,000–82,000 ft). They are best observed during civil twilight when the sun is between 1 and 6 degrees below the horizon. They are implicated in the formation of ozone holes. The effects on ozone depletion arise because they support chemical reactions that produce active chlorine which catalyzes ozone destruction, and also because they remove gaseous nitric acid, perturbing nitrogen and chlorine cycles in a way which increases ozone destruction.

The formation : The stratosphere is very dry; unlike the troposphere, it rarely allows clouds to form. In the extreme cold of the polar winter, however, stratospheric clouds of different types may form, which are classified according to their physical state and chemical composition. Due to their high altitude and the curvature of the surface of the Earth, these clouds will receive sunlight from below the horizon and reflect it to the ground, shining brightly well before dawn or after dusk. PSCs form at very low temperatures, below −78 °C (−108 °F). These temperatures can occur in the lower stratosphere in polar winter. In the Antarctic, temperatures below −88 °C (−126 °F) frequently cause type II PSCs. Such low temperatures are rarer in the Arctic. In the Northern hemisphere, the generation of lee waves by mountains may locally cool the lower stratosphere and lead to the formation of PSCs. Forward-scattering of sunlight within the clouds produces a pearly-white appearance. Particles within the optically thin clouds cause colored Interference fringes by diffraction. The visibility of the colors may be enhanced with a polarising filter.

PSCs are classified into three types Ia, Ib and II according to their chemical composition which can be measured using LIDAR. The technique also determines the height and ambient temperature of the cloud.

Type I clouds contain water, nitric acid and/or sulfuric acid and they are a source of polar ozone depletion.
Type Ia clouds consist of large, aspherical particles, consisting of nitric acid trihydrate (NAT).
Type Ib clouds contain small, spherical particles (non-depolarising), of a liquid supercooled ternary solution (STS) of sulfuric acid, nitric acid and water.
Type Ic clouds consist of metastable water-rich nitric acid in a solid phase.
Type II clouds, which are very rarely observed in the Arctic, consist of water ice only.
Only Type II clouds are necessarily nacreous whereas Type I clouds can be iridescent under certain conditions, just as any other cloud.

Type I

Arctic stratospheric cloud

Type II

Beautiful, isn't it? That's why I chose this phenomenon for this task. Just imagine that above you there is a colorful cloud. Even more if you see it from a very high place. Sounds more like heaven to me. I wish I could see this phenomenon someday :)

(Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_stratospheric_cloud
               http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Polar_stratospheric_cloud)

ADVERTISEMENT

On my Tuesday English class yesterday, we had to do advertisement task. It's like we drew an advertisement to advertise something on a hvs paper.
And mine was an advertisement to advertise your advertisement. Lol.

So, if you guys want to publish your advertisement, you can call my agency 'SPACEAIR' via ME and I'll advertise your advertisement. Bang! The cost depends how big is your advertisement and where you want it to be published.
It's not really trusted because it's just a fake advertisement with some creativity by me. But, if you ask me to endorse your things on my instagram i will. And i won't reveal my real number but my instagram is mayalrst if you want teehee.
That's what i did on Tuesday English class, beside causation second test. I wish we can do some creative papers again someday. Thanks for readingg:)

HOLIDAY-YEAY

Holiday yeayy! Finally, after a long semester we got three weeks off! Bye school I won't miss you a second. Fortunately I didn't get any short semester which was a gift from God. Thanks God. So I kept the lesson books off of my eyes, cause I really needed a break after a rough semester. It was my first semester on senior high school but it felt so long and tireeeeeed which was sad.
Well, I spent the most of my holiday in my home. I didn't go to another city nor country because my family is sort of homey type,  but it's okay I could wake up on 10am. Then I surfed the Internet and read some riddles. Riddle's great though, it's like there are a story and it's strange and we have to think what's wrong or who's the murderer yeah some kind of it. It's mind blowing that's why i like them.
On the last Saturday on 2014, I went to Saparua jogging track to 'running'. I woke up early finally. But, actually I just ran the half of the track and ended up walking. Most of them just chit chatting with my bf tee hee. After 'running' we went to ciwalk and decided to watch a movie, it's still 10am so we stopped at J.co and bought j.cool. But guess what, buy two get one free. Alas, we ate three ice cream at once after burned some calories so... The day went so well after all.
So my new year, I got no resolution though, alas. I just hope 2015 goes well. My family didn't celebrate new year,  but we cooked a lot of food because the friends of my grandmother will came and I helped a little on afternoon and went to my room to play some games hehe. I like to be alone at home,I just didn't like people around..  Need some peace in life yo.
On the first Saturday on 2015, I went it with him. We went to bookstore, searched some books. Bookstore is my favorite place to go, I really like to see the stationary and stacked books. I don't mind if I have to go there again and again. Then we went to cafe at Bandung Indah Plaza and then looked up some import books on store named Books and Beyond. Just like every dates,  it went so well.
Well that's my fun part of my holiday, despite of watched dvds and went around some restaurant and cafe with friends. Oh, God the holiday went fast! I'm not ready for the busyness and hectic days of school.... Well I hope this semester goes better than yesterday. Cheer up!

EXERCISE

1. Where is The Louvre Museum located?
A. Italy
B. France
C.Germany
D. Netherlands
E. Swiss

2. Originally, what is the function of The Louvre?
A. fortress
B. palace
C. museum
D. restaurant
E. hotel

3. When did the museum first open?
A. 1682
B. 1692
C. 1793
D. 1796
E. 1801

4. How much is curatorial department of The Louvre Museum's collection?
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 7
E. 8

5. Which one of the options below that isn't one of The Louvre Museum's collection?
A. German Antiquities
B. Prints and Drawings
C. Decorative Arts
D. Islamic Arts
E. Egyptian Antiquities

6. Who is the hidden figure who helped the merchant?
A. Beast
B. Fairy
C. Belle
D. Hideous Man
E. Beautiful Creature

7. Why the merchant picked the rose on the palace?
A. to return his wealth
B. to give it to Belle
C. so he can sell it
D. to give it to his daughters
E. to curse the Beast

8. Why the merchant didn't return?
A. because he lived in farm
B. because Belle forbid him
C. because he was angry
D. because he didn't want to
E. because Belle replaced him

9.Why Belle didn't return to Beast's Palace?
A. because she was runaway
B. because her father was wealthy
C. because of her sisters
D. because she didn't want to marry Beast
E. because she loved the Prince

10.What was thing that Beast gave Belle before she go?
A. a mirror
B. a ring
C. a rose
D. a mirror and a ring
E. a mirror, a ring, and a rose

Beauty and The Beast

A wealthy merchant lives in a mansion with his three daughters. They are all very beautiful, but the youngest daughter, twenty-year-old Belle, is pure of heart; the two eldest daughters, in contrast, are wicked and selfish, and secretly taunt and treat the kind-hearted Belle like a servant to them. The merchant eventually loses all of his wealth in a tempest at sea. He and his children are consequently forced to live in a small farmhouse and work for their living. After some years of this, the merchant hears that one of the trade ships he had sent off has arrived back in port, having escaped the destruction of its compatriots. He returns to the city to discover whether it contains anything valuable. Before leaving, he asks his daughters if they would like him to bring any gifts back for them. The oldest two ask for jewels and fine dresses, thinking that his wealth has returned. Belle is satisfied with the promise of a rose, as none grow in their part of the country. The merchant, to his dismay, finds that his ship's cargo has been seized to pay his debts, leaving him without money to buy his daughters their presents.

During his return, the merchant becomes lost in a forest. Seeking shelter, he enters a dazzling palace. A hidden figure opens the giant doors and silently invites him in. The merchant finds tables inside laden with food and drink, which seem to have been left for him by the palace's invisible owner. The merchant accepts this gift and spends the night there. The next morning as the merchant is about to leave, he sees a rose garden and recalls that Belle had desired a rose. Upon picking the loveliest rose he can find, the merchant is confronted by a hideous "Beast" which tells him that for taking his most precious possession after accepting his hospitality, the merchant must die. The merchant begs to be set free, arguing that he had only picked the rose as a gift for his youngest daughter. The Beast agrees to let him give the rose to Belle, but only if the merchant will return.

Beauty dines with the Beast in an illustration by Anne Anderson.

The merchant is upset, but accepts this condition. The Beast sends him on his way, with jewels and fine clothes for his daughters, and stresses that Belle must never know about his deal. The merchant, upon arriving home, tries to hide the secret from Belle, but she pries it from him and willingly goes to the Beast's castle. The Beast receives her graciously and informs her that she is now mistress of the castle, and he is her servant. He gives her lavish clothing and food and carries on lengthy conversations with her. Every night, the Beast asks Belle to marry him, only to be refused each time. After each refusal, Belle dreams of a handsome prince who pleads with her to answer why she keeps refusing him, to which she replies that she cannot marry the Beast because she loves him only as a friend. Belle does not make the connection between the handsome prince and the Beast and becomes convinced that the Beast is holding the prince captive somewhere in the castle. She searches and discovers multiple enchanted rooms, but never the prince from her dreams.

For several months, Belle lives a life of luxury at the Beast's palace, having every whim catered to by servants, with no end of riches to amuse her and an endless supply of exquisite finery to wear. Eventually she becomes homesick and begs the Beast to allow her to go see her family. He allows it on the condition that she return exactly a week later. Belle agrees to this and sets off for home with an enchanted mirror and ring. The mirror allows her to see what is going on back at the Beast's castle, and the ring allows her to return to the castle in an instant when turned three times around her finger. Her older sisters are surprised to find her well fed and dressed in finery. They are envious when they hear of her happy life at the castle, and, hearing that she must return to the Beast on a certain day, beg her to stay another day, even putting onion in their eyes to make it appear as though they are weeping. They hope that the Beast will be angry with Belle for breaking her promise and eat her alive. Belle's heart is moved by her sisters' false show of love, and she agrees to stay.

Illustration by Warwick Goble.

Belle begins to feel guilty about breaking her promise to the Beast and uses the mirror to see him back at the castle. She is horrified to discover that the Beast is lying half-dead from heartbreak near the rose bushes her father had stolen from and she immediately uses the ring to return to the Beast.

Belle weeps over the Beast, saying that she loves him. When her tears strike him, the Beast is transformed into the handsome prince from Belle's dreams. The Prince informs her that long ago a fairy turned him into a hideous beast after he refused to let her in from the rain, and that only by finding true love, despite his ugliness, could the curse be broken. He and Belle are married and they live happily ever after together.

(source: http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beauty_and_the_Beast)

Amazing Place

Hello, I'm going to tell you about an amazing place. There are so much amazing places on earth, which were made by human or nature. I really want to travel the world! One of my destinations is France. Some part of girls want to go to Paris, France because it's romantic and the first place they want to go is Eiffel Tower. But I don't. The first place on Paris, France I want to go is The Louvre Museum. So this is my research about The Louvre Museum :)



The Louvre or the Louvre Museum (French: Musée du Louvre) is one of the world's largest museums and a historic monument. A central landmark of Paris, France, it is located on the Right Bank of the Seine in the 1st arrondissement (district). Nearly 35,000 objects from prehistory to the 21st century are exhibited over an area of 60,600 square metres (652,300 square feet). The Louvre is the world's most visited museum, and received more than 9.7 million visitors in 2012.
The museum is housed in the Louvre Palace, originally built as a fortress in the late 12th century under Philip II. Remnants of the fortress are visible in the basement of the museum. The building was extended many times to form the present Louvre Palace. In 1682, Louis XIV chose the Palace of Versailles for his household, leaving the Louvre primarily as a place to display the royal collection, including, from 1692, a collection of ancient Greek and Roman sculpture. In 1692, the building was occupied by the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres and the Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture, which in 1699 held the first of a series of salons. The Académie remained at the Louvre for 100 years. During the French Revolution, the National Assembly decreed that the Louvre should be used as a museum to display the nation's masterpieces.

The museum opened on 10 August 1793 with an exhibition of 537 paintings, the majority of the works being royal and confiscated church property. Because of structural problems with the building, the museum was closed in 1796 until 1801. The collection was increased under Napoleon and the museum renamed the Musée Napoléon. After the defeat of Napoleon at Waterloo, many works seized by his armies were returned to their original owners. The collection was further increased during the reigns of Louis XVIII and Charles X, and during the Second French Empire the museum gained 20,000 pieces. Holdings have grown steadily through donations and gifts since the Third Republic. As of 2008, the collection is divided among eight curatorial departments: Egyptian Antiquities; Near Eastern Antiquities; Greek, Etruscan, and Roman Antiquities; Islamic Art; Sculpture; Decorative Arts; Paintings; Prints and Drawings.

The Collection:

That's all. Thank you for reading. But don't forget to help me to go to this place one day by pray for me. HEHE :D

(source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre)

Matswapati's Parade

Hello everyone! Now, I'm going to tell you about my school's event. My school, 3 Senior High School held a cultural festival called 'MATSWAPATI'. Matswapati is one of the wayang in West Java. We held this even because we want to preserve our culture as the people of West Java. Matswapati held on Saturday, 27th September 2014 at Lapangan Bali from 08.00 to 19.00. Before the opening, there was a parade. And now, I'll tell you about the parade.
The parade attended by elementary and secondary scholers and the 10th graders too. We competed to win the prize! My class, X-3, we wore headbands written '#Matswapati' with feathers which was from feather duster. We wore black t-shirt and batik wich was tied onto our waist. Before we started the parade, we lined up in front of Matswapati's gate and waited for elementary and secondary schoolers. We talked and took so much photos there. Soon, after they came, the parade begin. We started to sing our chants loudly with a lot of spirit. We waved to people around too. The route was from Lapangan Bali head to Taman Musik, then 5 and 3 Senior High School, Taman Lalu Lintas, Hyatt Hotel, then to Merdeka street, passed St. Angela and Banjarsari school, then we turned to Java street to Bali street back to Lapangan Bali and we welcomed by Kuda Lumping show. We were tired but we're so happy!
Then at 1 pm, there was an announcement to declare the winner. The winner from elementary school was Karang Pawulang elementary school, it was Diana's elementary school. Hehe. And the winner from 10th graders is........ X-3!!! We won the parade! We got one million rupiah! The boys were so happy they danced and the girls cheered! Yeay! Our effort has paid off! It was really surprising! What a dayy~
Well, i didn't watch the festival until finished, cause i was sick:( so sad i can't watch until the night... But I'm also happy for it :)